These sources are either non-specific references to the prisons in Richmond,
or important sources on the general policies of exchange and treatment of
prisoners.
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
6/13/1861; four prisoners of war
arrive in Richmond |
|
Richmond Enquirer |
6/15/1861; Prisoners captured at Big Bethel are
quartered at the Customs House - Richmonders flock to see the captured
Yankees |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
6/25/1861; names of U. S. prisoners
of war now confined in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/1/1861;
two POWs arrive and are taken to the prison depot (Ligon's prison) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/2/1861;
prison depot is located two blocks from the Henrico Court House, and
contains 75-100 prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/15/1861; description of the wild
reaction in Richmond when "live Yankees" pass through the town |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/16/1861; POWs from Yorktown
arrive, and are taken to the prison depot; some are from the "scum of
Baltimore," and one a spy |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/18/1861; some prisoners removed
from the Prison depot to parts unknown |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/20/1861; belief expressed that
there will be a large number of prisoners arriving soon; 21 brought in
yesterday |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/22/1861; 56 prisoners arrived
yesterday and were taken to the prison depot on Main street |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/24/1861; 631 prisoners arrive
from Manassas and are taken to the prison depot - six hundred more are
expected soon |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/25/1861; trains arrive from
Manassas bearing wounded, who are taken to private homes for treatment;
500-600 POWs are set to arrive; the prison depot is already full; notes
that General Corcoran arrived in Richmond two days ago |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/25/1861; wounded POWs of
Ellsworth's Zouaves are taken to the Alms House for treatment - expresses
belief that these men are a very "hard set," and "villains
of a low degree," and don't deserve any kindness |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/25/1861; wounded soldiers and Yankee
prisoners are arriving in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/26/1861; 17 Union surgeons are
POWs; one is the son of a big New York tobacco merchant and is in Howard's
factory |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/26/1861; "Prison depot," at corner
of Main and 25th street is being visited by curious Richmonders |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/30/1861;
City
Alms House Hospital (Gen. Hos. #1) described. Used as a prison at this
time. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/31/1861; 78 wounded POWs brought
to Richmond, including a Richmonder in exile |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/31/1861; prisoner shot at for talking out
the windows of his prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/1/1861; two POWs arrive - one a
spy |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/2/1861; 70 wounded POWs brought
to Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/2/1861; hospital established for prisoners at Ross'
Factory |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/3/1861; the number of wounded
POWs is now near 500 and more arriving; medicines will be needed |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/5/1861; 74 new Yankee POWs arrive
- housed at prison in Jefferson Ward |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/5/1861; description of the "prison
depot," particularly Harwood's factory, and recommendations for
treatment of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1861; 17 Yankee POWs have died
in Richmond so far |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/5/1861; description of the "prison
depot," particularly Harwood's factory, and recommendations for
treatment of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1861; notes on high POW mortality |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1861; 11 Yankee POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/10/1861; appeal for the Alms House to be
occupied by Confederate wounded, and the Yankees moved out. Praises the
hospital as a "large
and airy building" |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1861; letter from POW of 69th
NY, at Alms House Hospital |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/14/1861; recommendation that negroes be
employed as hospital assistants and that Yankees be moved out of the Alms
House |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; Yankee POW escapes from
Harwood's Factory, but recaptured - details on capture by Henrico minister |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; a dozen Manassas POWs
arrive, and taken to the prison on Main Street |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; notes on individual prisoners
recently arrived from Norfolk |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/17/1861; reiteration of appeal to move
Yankees out of Alms House |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/22/1861; 2 POWs recaptured after
escaping from Main St. prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/22/1861; short extract from
letter of Yankee POW, describing prison building |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/26/1861; member of CS guard at
Ligon's factory shoots his officer |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/27/1861; 21 new POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/30/1861; 13 POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Whig |
9/3/1861; great description of the Richmond
prisons and some of the prisoners; notes that there are 1725 prisoners in
Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/6/1861; Yankees attempt to escape from prison,
shot by sentries on Libby Hill. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
9/6/1861; Yankee surgeon, tending to prisoners,
has made his escape |
|
Richmond
Whig |
9/16/1861; four Yankee prisoners escape from
prison depot, two are shot and the others are recaptured |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/17/1861; General Winder will move his
headquarters to the corner of 9th and Broad streets |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/18/1861; notes on Yankee prisoners and the
cost of keeping them in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/19/1861; six Yankees have escaped from prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/21/1861; Yankee surgeons in Richmond to be
paroled |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; 13 Yankee prisoners from Cheat
Mountain (including a member of McClellan's staff) brought to town |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; notes on Union surgeons released on
parole |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; Yankee prisoner in the "lower
prison, near Rocketts" shot and killed for verbally abusing a sentinel.
Sentinel praised for doing his duty. Prisoner buried at Shockoe Cemetery |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/24/1861; Yankee prisoner shot by a sentinel;
buried at Shockoe |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
9/26/1861; 50 patients in Main Street Hospital
(Ross' Factory) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/2/1861; excellent account of the arrival in
Richmond of federal prisoners and their route through the city to Mayo's
factory prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/4/1861; Three Yankees escaped from prison
(non-specific) |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/4/1861; Gen. Winder wants a company of 100
men, unfit for field service, to perform duty in the city of Richmond |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/4/1861; Yankee prisoners, kept at General
Hospital #1, to be exchanged |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/4/1861; Yankee prisoner escapes from Ross'
Factory |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/5/1861; details on four Yankee prisoners
brought to the city |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/5/1861; statistics and praise of
the “Confederate States Prison Hospital, at Rocketts.” Notes 41 deaths have
occurred, and praises Dr. E. G. Higginbotham at length. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/5/1861; Gen. Winder adv for 100 men to serve in a company “to perform
duty in the city.” |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/7/1861;
flag of truce
boat carries away 57 POWs - Charles Bell Gibson and St. George Peachy
accompany the departing prisoners |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/7/1861; Hon. Alfred Ely (US Congressman)
presented with a mock sword in prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/8/1862; Mr.
Wood, keeper of Old Capitol Prison in Washington, arrives in Richmond to
negotiate for prisoners; 243 “political or civil” prisoners now in Libby |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/11/1861; 40 Federal prisoners being treated at
GH#1; details about Mrs. Ricketts coming to Richmond to nurse her wounded
husband |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/16/1861;
36 WIA prisoners
transferred from Alms House to prison. Authorities hope to use Alms House
for CSA only |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/16/1861; Federal prisoners removed from GH#1
and moved to prison on Main st. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/21/1861; arrival of more federal prisoners;
there are now 1,189 prisoners in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/24/1861;
details on the
anxiety at the Central depot over the non-arrival of prisoners; too many
prisoners in town; Plans afoot to convert a tobacco factory on 25th into a
prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/25/1861;
Enormous
description of arrival of POWs at VA Central depot. Sent to Mayo's Factory,
corner 25th and Cary. Much on 18th & 19th GA as guards. Wm. Harris, future
author, is among the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/25/1861;
Good paragraph on
18th GA, camped at Bloody Run, Guarding POWs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/28/1861; Taylor's Factory has been taken as
a prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/28/1861; description of Richmond's attitude
toward U. S. prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861; Yankee prisoners, taken
to Chimborazo, make their escape |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861; 2,685 prisoners have
come to Richmond so far; those who remain number 1,714 |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861;
Soldiers guarding
prisons are building fires in streets to keep warm |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
11/4/1861; Two Yankee prisoners,
permitted leave in the city, attempt to escape, but are re-captured |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/6/1861;
Capt. Gibbs in
command of the military prisons in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/12/1861; statistics of burials in Shockoe
cemetery during the last quarter, including 97 Union POWs |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/12/1861; 247 dead POWs interred
in Shockoe Hill burial ground |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/18/1861; great description of the prison
system in Richmond with list of employees (included Wirz and Higginbotham).
Notes that over 2000 POWs now in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/21/1861;
2 CS soldier
guards in trouble for shooting at POWs – one fatality, the other a miss.
Names given, prison not ID'ed |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/21/1861; sentinel at unnamed prison charged
and acquitted of shooting at the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/21/1861; sentinel at "Confederate Prison No.
2" accidentally shot two prisoners, one mortally. Mentions that he was on a
hill behind the prison when his musket accidentally discharged. Mayor finds
that the incident was an accident |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/25/1861; More POWs arrive at
Richmond. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/25/1861; 3 POWs died in prison. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/29/1862; 245
Federal soldiers to be paroled at City Point today – officers named,
including Col. Thos. J. Jordan, 9th PA, who for some time was in Castle
Thunder |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/30/1861;
31 POWs arrive –
now a total of 1483 in town – names 4 POWs who died 11/29 |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/5/1861;
Dr. Higginbotham
given a hand-made pipe by a grateful POW patient |
|
New York
Times |
12/8/1861; list
of employees of Richmond prisons, Wirtz, Booker, Semple and Higginbotham
mentioned |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; list of clothing for Massachusetts
prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; "Negro Prisoners of War" |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; List of deceased Prisoners of War |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; 3 officers and one VMI cadet are
ordered from the Camp of Instruction to duty in the prisons (includes T. P.
Turner and Geo. Emack) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/18/1861; Notes on
prisoners of war - notes that Capt. Ricketts and his wife will be released
today |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/18/1861; Capt. Ricketts and his wife are to
be sent North - notes that while in Richmond they were visited by Pres.
Davis and others |
|
New
York Herald |
12/23/1861; non-specific description of harsh
treatment of Union POWs in Richmond; notes that Tredegar has produced a
submarine to operate against the blockade |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/27/1861;
Slave of T. & S.
Hardgrove punished for providing whiskey to POWs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/30/1861;
update on Yankee
POWs - much cheerfulness among the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/2/1862; 240 prisoners of war to
be exchanged; 2 POWs from the 23rd PA arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/3/1862; Short list of
prominent POWs being sent North |
|
New
York Herald |
1/6/1862; notes on returned Yankee POWs and the
treatment they received in Richmond - notes Dr. Higginbotham for his
beneficence and a "Swiss sergeant" [probably Wirz] who is very cruel |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/6/1862; Mr. John Francisco has
been appointed clerk of Confederate prisons in Richmond. Also, last Friday
239 prisoners were exchanged |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/7/1862; Alfred Ely’s lengthy account of time in Richmond. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/9/1862; 160 POWs to be
sent North |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/15/1862; two Yankees escape from prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/17/1862; 160 POWs to leave Richmond |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/18/1862; 148 prisoners leave for exchange |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/23/1862; 4 POWs arrive on the Richmond and Danville Railroad |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/24/1862;
3 POWs arrive escorted by Capt. Griffin, 6th
Ga., and are lodged in "the military prison" |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/27/1862;
5 Yankee POWs (named) leaving for exchange |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/30/1862;
Salisbury Prison ready to take 700 POWs now
in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/30/1862; Yankee prisoners on one
side of Main street are selling carved bones to Confederate prisoners on the
other. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/3/1862;
Lt. J. L. S. Kirby, CSA, on duty at prisons
in Richmond, ordered to Salisbury to report to Gibbs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/6/1862;
Yankee POW arrives - a German |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/10/1862;
370 local POWs due to be exchanged |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/13/1862;
naval captain brought to Richmond prison as
a spy |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/3/1862; Jefferson Davis'
proclamation that Richmond is under martial law and forced prohibition; Gen.
John H. Winder will enforce this proclamation; Capt. A. C. Godwin is
appointed Provost Marshal of Richmond. All private firearms must be turned
in |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
3/6/1862; Due to recent Unionist mischief, all
Union prisoners (500 in number) are denied access to anyone or anything from
the outside |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
3/6/1862; 21 prisoners now at Castle Godwin;
general discussion of suitable buildings for prisons |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
3/20/1862; 31 new prisoners installed in warehouses on Main st., 12 of them
CSA soldiers |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
3/22/1862; 77 Unionists from Loudon County incarcerated in “military prison
on Main street.” |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/9/1862; 22 more Yankee POWs arrive, 724 prisoners total - # by category |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/22/1862; 14 Yankee POWs arrive via the VCRR |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/24/1862; Lt. R. M. Booker has become one of the Assistant Provost Marshals
of the city – he had previously been one of the officers in charge of the
C.S. Military Prison on Main street |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/9/1862; 319 prisoners arrive from
Williamsburg - 300 more on the way. All were put in the Libby Prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/10/1862; notes on the Federal officers among
the Williamsburg prisoners |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/12/1862; T. P. Turner and Jackson Warner escort 860 Yankee POWs to Newport
News. No officers included. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/12/1862; nearly 1200 prisoners are now in
Richmond - 860 privates paroled and sent off, under charge of Major Warner
and Lt. Turner |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/13/1862; More than 800 POWs sent away for exchange |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/13/1862; 913 Yankee POWs in the city |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/15/1862; officers from Libby Prison & “fifty of the hardest subjects” from
Castle Godwin to go to Salisbury |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/22/1862; Warner Lewis, ADC to J. H. Winder, raising company for garrison,
guard & prison duty |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/27/1862; soldier escapes from the
"Confederate Guard House, on Franklin street" and promptly recaptured - he
broke his ankle in the escape |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/28/1862; brief description of
fighting at Hanover Court House. 56 prisoners brought to Richmond. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/4/1862; 560
POWs sent away on 6/3 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/6/1862; 139
wounded POWs at CS Hospital Cary St. Many others at Seabrook’s |
|
Richmond
Whig |
6/10/1862; notice from Griswold that all detectives
will carry certificates of identification |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/17/1862;
paragraph on G. W. Alexander, now AAG to Winder by late promotion |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/21/1862; G.O.
#1, Prison Series, from Winder: W. S. Winder, AAG, in charge of prison
corresp. Capt. Henry Wirtz in charge of new district covering Manchester &
Bridges |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/23/1862; Henry
Wirtz’s office is in Manchester |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/30/1862; Long
list of POWs arriving in town, all officers, about 75 names |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/1/1862; any more Yankees brought to the city
will be housed in Warwick and Barksdale's mills (Gallego Mills) |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/1/1862; C. S.
Cavalry escorting POWS on 6/29 brings 3 flags: U.S., N. J. State flag, &
Massachusetts regimental flag. Deposited in War Office. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/2/1862; nearly
1000 POWs arrived on 7/1. Some officers named. McCall at Spotswood – paroled
to stay in city. He will be moved to “the quarters now being prepared on 18th
street” when they are ready for “all the abolition officers” |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/2/1862; list of prisons in use at
Richmond, including Libby and others |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/3/1862; more than 4000
POWs in town – names of a few recent prisoners |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/5/1862; new prisons needed;
Warwick's mill is being prepared |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/7/1862; Camp Lee is being
considered for use as a prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/8/1862; Lt.
Trabue, ex-Richmond Howitzers, now “General Superintendent” of prisons.
Ordered to “see that the guard do their duty.” Trabue had previously been an
artillery instructor at Camp Lee |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/14/1862; notes that the prison on Franklin
street (probably Grant's Factory) is near a candle factory, and that both of
these things are poorly placed within a residential neighborhood - argues
that prisons should be in a less populated areas |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/16/1862; description of Gen.
Winder’s office and the business of his duties |
|
Pittsburgh Gazette |
7/17/1862; description of the capture of Gen.
McCall – notes that he is being quartered at the Spotswood Hotel in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/19/1862; mortality among wounded prisoners is
very great - 20 died at the York River RR depot |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/21/1862; 500
WIA/POWs to be sent off on 7/19, but insufficient transportation for all to
go |
|
Pittsburgh
Gazette |
7/21/1862; list of western
Pennsylvania prisoners in "Hope Prison" in Richmond |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/22/1862; 500
POWs expected to be sent North on 7/22 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/22/1862; Fake
provost officer murders a man - paragraph within testimony from Lt. Booker
describing Provost Procedure for arrests |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/25/1862;
scathing editorial on poor quality of guards at city prisons – Castle Godwin
mentioned specifically |
|
New
York Herald |
7/28/1862; wonderful general description of the
city of Richmond - mentions, Hollywood, Tredegar, the Almshouse, appearance
of the prisons, Odd Fellows Hall, and the James River and Kanawha Canal |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/28/1862; 1100
WIA POWs sent away over the weekend. 300 more arrive from Savage’s. Talbott
& Bonn’s Factory, 18th Street, still has officers. Other factory prisons now
empty. Libby will soon be empty |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/30/1862; 800
Yankees to be sent away on 7/31 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/1/1862; Martin
Hogan, deserter, to be shot 8/5. He is in a Richmond prison now. |
|
Charleston
Mercury |
8/2/1862; "War Gossip" mentions criticism
of the Dix-Hill Prisoner Cartel, the condemnation of Gen. Butler, South
Carolinians at Camp Lee, and describes the newly formed Belle Isle Prison -
notes that there are 4600 POWs there |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1862; 3,000 Belle Isle
prisoners have been exchanged; no officers this time; says there are 1,700
prisoners left |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1862; 2,500 Lynchburg prisoners
and 600 Salisbury prisoners will be brought to Richmond for exchange,
including Col. O. B. Wilcox, ad Col. Michael Corcoran |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
8/8/1862; escaped federal officers have been
recaptured and put in Greanor prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
8/8/1862; prisons will soon be empty due to
exchanges |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1862; Federal officers now in
Richmond will be exchanged soon, including Col. Corcoran (being
transported from Lynchburg) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1862; prisoners from Lynchburg
are arriving in Richmond, preparatory to exchange |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/11/1862; 2500 Yankees have arrived
from Lynchburg, and are awaiting exchange on Belle Isle |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1862; 140 Federal officers,
including McCall, Reynolds, and Rankin have been sent off by flag of truce |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1862; prisoners from Pope's
army, including General Prince, have arrived at Libby Prison. They
are not to be treated as prisoners of war |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/13/1862; Description of the
exchange of 140 officers, including Reynolds, McCall & Rankin |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/14/1862; Salisbury prisoners,
including Col. Corcoran and Wilcox are arriving, and the citizen prisoners
have been moved to Libby from Belle Isle to accommodate them |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1862; description of a military
prison (provost prison similar in purpose to Castle Thunder) in Manchester |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/16/1862;
Corcoran, Willcox & others exchanged 8/15 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/18/1862;
details on the recent exchange of Union officers at Varina. Some of the
officers named. Lt. T. P. Turner in charge. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/21/1862; Mayo
factory on 19th between Main and Franklin |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/29/1862; 332
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/1/1862; 60 POWs
arrive at Central depot |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 200
exchanged Confederates arrive on 9/2, including N. R. Fitzhugh & Belle Boyd |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 8
Yankee POWs arrive. No officers. 2,000 more soon to arrive. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 2000
Yankees expected to go to Varina on 9/5 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/5/1862; 2500
Belle Isle POWs to be sent to Varina today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/12/1862;
General Winder orders more detailed descriptive lists of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/12/1862; a "considerable traffic" is going on
with federal prisoners for United States currency |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/13/1862; All
5912 Yankee POWs to be exchanged soon. About 3000 to leave today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/18/1862; 250 of
600 Yankees in Richmond to be sent away on exchange today. Officers listed |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/20/1862; 40
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/25/1862; 150
POWs sent to Aiken’s Landing on 9/24 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/27/1862; 150
POWs to be sent to Aiken’s Landing, probably today. 500 more POWs to arrive
soon from Gordonsville, and if they arrive in time, may be exchanged |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/29/1862; among
next batch of northbound prisoners will be A. McMillen & John May, ex-Castle
Godwin men now in Castle Thunder. Also Yankee females |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/30/1862; 500
Yankees to go to Varina this week, including many from the Libby Hospital |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/4/1862; office
of Provost Marshal of Manchester abolished |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/20/1862; 630
POWs sent away 10/19 by flag of truce |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/21/1862; 30
disloyal Tennesseans lodged at Libby – sent to Varina yesterday |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/30/1862; All
of Griswold’s detectives fired by Winder. Griswold’s office at corner 9th &
Broad. Booker still Asst. Provost Marshal, western district. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/31/1862; more
on Winder’s dismissal of Griswold’s detectives |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/31/1862; 85
POWs sent from Libby to Varina, 10/30 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/7/1862; 2
paragraphs on Winder’s re-organization of city provost & police force. Names
some of the officer. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/7/1862; 120
Federals to be sent off for exchange today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/10/1862; 300
left in Libby after Lt. V. Bossieux escorts 150 to Varina. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/11/1862; POW
exchange point now switched |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/21/1862; Ould
& Ludlow agree that all future exchanges to be at City Point. 520 Yankees to
leave for there this day |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/22/1862; Lt.
Bossieux to escort 500 POWs to City Point today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/24/1862; Lt.
Bossieux left on 11/22 with 417 prisoners for City Point |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/25/1862; 17
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/1/1862; more
than 300 sent to City Point 11/30, leaving around 450 in town |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/2/1862; list
of officer POWs received lately. 104 POWs arrived 11/30 & 71 more on Dec.
1st |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/12/1862; flag
of truce exchange expected soon, to include 3 women spies (named) now at
Castle Thunder. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/22/1862; 200
Yankee POWs to be lodged in Va. State Armory, corner 7th and Cary |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/2/1863; 92
prisoners arrive – 200 more expected today |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/3/1863; 200
prisoners captured by Gen. Stuart arrived on the VCRR |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/6/1863; 38
prisoners arrive – one a US deserter |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/9/1863; 500
prisoners to be exchanged today at City Point - “a large number of Southern
ladies,” detained at Fort Monroe, coming to Richmond with the flag of truce
boat |
|
Richmond
Whig |
2/13/1863; paper
wants Alms House returned to the city, for use as a penal institution –
other Confederate hospitals are nearly empty |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
4/6/1863; the Richmond City
Battalion (25th Bn VA Inf) is understood to be leaving the city for active
service due to unsavory types infesting its ranks |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
4/8/1863; many prisoners have
arrived at Libby Prison; a flag of truce exchanged prisoners yesterday |
|
Richmond Whig |
4/18/1863; 20 new
arrivals at Libby from the 3rd Indiana Cavalry on the Va. Central RR, 2
named. Notes that several hundred POWs are there awaiting transportation to
City Point. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/4/1863; more Yankees arrive at
Libby Prison; all officers and men will be exchanged tomorrow |
|
Richmond Whig |
5/4/1863; An
exchange has been worked out, and those at Libby Prison will be sent to
“City Point in a day or two.” 45 new POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/5/1863; 550 Yankee prisoners
(including 2 generals) will be exchanged today from Libby Prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/6/1863; more prisoners have
arrived at Libby Prison; 219 officers and 303 men were exchanged yesterday |
|
Richmond Whig |
5/6/1863; Fleming
Putnam, said to be the guide for the Yankees at Tunstall’s Station, as well
as a negro named James E. Jackson (charge with burning Meadow Bridge) are
put in Castle Thunder. 13 POWs arrive at Libby and are instantly sent off by
flag of truce. 554 prisoners sent to City Point. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/13/1863; editorial description of
opinion regarding Yankee prisoners (very negative) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/14/1863; over 7,000 prisoners
from Libby Prison and Belle Isle have been exchanged |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/14/1863; Capt. Jos.
Griswold, Provost Marshal of Richmond resigns, and is replaced by Capt.
James Brown |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
7/30/1863; more Union officers arrive - 512 POW
officers are now in Richmond |
|
Report
of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War |
1863; prisoner's account of harsh treatment in
Richmond. Notes that while at the General Hospital (GH#1) he was
well-treated; at the tobacco warehouse he was not. Also notes that "a
lady named Van Lew" helped provide for him while in prison until she
was stopped by prison authorities |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
11/28/1863; 16,411 prisoners in
Richmond and Belle Isle. 952 of the number are officers. |
|
RG 109, Ch. 6, Vol. 7, no page |
12/4/1863; "Hospitals for prisoners of war are
placed on the same footing as other C. S. hospitals in all respects, and
will be managed accordingly" |
|
VHS 1/30/1864 |
1/30/1864; letter from the surgeon at the Small
Pox Hospital stating that a "large number" of prisoners of war there desire
to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederacy |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
2/19/1864; "The Feeding of the Prisoners"
testimony from the butcher who supplied Chimborazo Hospital and Gen. Winder
(for prisoners) with meat - shoots down the idea that the prisoners are
inadequately supplied, while noting that they may not have gotten the best
beef |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/3/1864; Major Elias Griswold has
been relieved as Provost Marshal of Richmond, and sent to Americus, Ga.
Major I. Carrington succeeds him |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
3/4/1864; 600 prisoners from Libby Prison have
been shipped off to Americus, GA (Andersonville) |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
3/8/1864; a number of Yankee prisoners have
recently been exchanged |
|
Richmond Sentinel |
3/9/1864; One of Gen. Winder's
detectives (Cashmeyer) has been arrested while passing letters to a Yankee
prisoner on a flag of truce boat |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/23/1864; only 1800 prisoners left
in Richmond, the 12,000 who were here recently have been sent south or
exchanged. Encourages the government not to allow such an accumulation of
prisoners again |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/31/1864; City Battalion (25th
Battn. Va. Inf.) have been sent to Chaffin's Farm. Now the 28th Va. Battn.
does the guard duty |
|
Richmond
Whig |
4/5/1864; Mr. Thomas W. Doswell has
been appointed Asst. Provost Marshal, succeeding G. W. Alexander |
|
Richmond
Whig |
6/2/1864; tobacco factories on Main
and Franklin near Church Hill have been re-occupied as prisons, and the
guards are forcing people off the sidewalk. Major Turner puts a stop to this
practice |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
6/4/1864; 800 Yankee wounded are
in Richmond |
|
Charleston
Mercury |
9/20/1864; editorial notation describing the
utilization of prisoners from Libby as laborers - questions whether this can
be expanded (copied from the Richmond Examiner) |
|
Franklin
(PA) Repository |
2/22/1865; announcement of the death of Gen.
John H. Winder |
|
DeForest
(81st NY), Random Sketches... |
1866 memoir describing conditions in
the early Richmond prisons, Libby and Belle Isle |
|
National
Tribune |
8/20/1891; good account of life in Richmond
prisons in 1861 |
|
New
England Magazine |
4/1895; good description of life in Prison No.
1 (Ligon's Prison) during 1861. Comments on Henry Wirz as an employee
there. |
